Nuclear Isomer Definition and Examples

Malaria Is A Preventable Disease - 1380 Words

Part I: Background Malaria is a preventable disease transmitted by a female anopheles mosquito that has a global annual death impact of over one million mainly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa (Patricia Schlagenhauf-Lawlor, Funk-Baumann, M., 2005, pg. 6)(1). Although malaria is almost unheard of in developed countries like the United States, in the early 1900s malaria was just as prevalent as it is in sub-Saharan Africa today. The United States has eradicated local malaria due to increased finances and physician led public health missions in the 1940’s in the form of the DDT campaign(Humphries, 2001, pg. 2). However, in underdeveloped countries mainly located in tropical areas, the death toll to malaria continues to rise due to challenges and barriers between accumulating hefty finances, adequate resources and delivering affective outreach programs( Jennifer Kates, Michaud, J., Wexler, A., Valentine, A., 2013)(3). Malaria thrives in warm and human areas that have bounty s tagnant water sources ideal for breeding and egg nesting. Once bitten by a mature anopheles mosquito the incubation time between infection and showing symptoms is usually between 6-7 days (Patricia Schlagenhauf-Lawlor, Funk-Baumann, M., 2005, pg. 10)(1). The common symptoms of malaria like chills, headache and perfuse diaphoresis to name a few, exacerbate due to parasitic replication and destruction of the bodies RBC. Once the cell is destroyed the merozites from the RBC disperse throughout theShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Malaria And Malnutrition1107 Words   |  5 PagesHannah Bagis Oleson Rise of the Rest (7) 1 May 2015 Malaria and Malnutrition Americans spend more on Halloween than the whole world does on malaria every single year (ONE). 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South Africa major health public concerns are HIV/AIDS, malaria, smoking related disease, and tuberculosis, just to name a few of them but all of which affect the non-white population more than the white; apart form these. HIV/AIDS in Africa The rise of sickness in Africa today is mainly caused by HIV (Human ImmunodeficiencyRead MoreMalaria Is A Non Contagious Disease Caused By Protozoan Parasites Belonging1475 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Understanding Biology Malaria is a non-contagious disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Plasmodium genus. It is not spread from person to person in the manner that influenza or the common cold would be, and it is not sexually transmitted either. There are, according to the CDC, more than 100 species of Plasmodium parasites which can infect animals such as reptiles, birds and mammals. Four species have been recognised to infect humans in nature. In addition to this, there is oneRead MorePoverty in Kenya, Africa868 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens because of the diseases that are being spread throughout the entire state, the lack of medical supplies that is needed for each doctor, and unsanitary water and a very insufficient amount of food. The health and well being of the citizens of Kenya, Africa is horrific, many of the diseases that are spread are very severe which can sooner or later lead to death. With Kenya’s many water sources, Kenya has a high rate of water-borne diseases. Most of these water-borne diseases are not found in developedRead MoreHiv And Its Effects On Nigeria, Lower Respiratory Infections, And Hiv ( Cdc )884 Words   |  4 PagesAs of 2013, the CDC listed that the top 3 causes of mortality in Nigeria are malaria, lower respiratory infections, and HIV (CDC, 2013). HIV is the third leading cause of deaths in Nigeria and account for 9% of all deaths (CDC, 2013). 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Globalisation Of McDonalds Essay Example For Students

Globalisation Of McDonalds Essay About seven months ago, I met an American guy who had arrived at New Zealand just a few days before. While exchanging oursentiments (I am from Japan) on New Zealand and its culture, the guy told me how he was surprised to see the country is soAmericanised, mentioning McDonalds as one of the examples. Now, in a different sense, this was surprising to me, too. I hadnever had the idea that having McDonalds is being Americanised. In fact, McDonalds is nearly everywhere in the world so thatmany people think it has already become part of their own cultures. But then the question arises: How did this come to be thecase? Here is a brief outline of its history (based on Hebert, 1997; McDonalds Corp., 1997; Mclennan, 1996). HistoryIn 1937, McDonalds was founded as a small local restaurant by two brothers, Maurice and Richard McDonald in Pasadena,California. In 1948, the brothers then converted their barbecue drive-in with car hops into limited-menu, self-service drive-in, inSan Bernardino, Ca lifornia the first advent of quick service restaurant industry. It is in April 1955, however, that the realMcDonalds Corporation launched, by a salesman called Ray Kroc, who gained exclusive US franchising rights from thebrothers. Starting with Des Plaines, Illinois, McDonalds rapidly extended its outlets first over the Chicago area, then the US andeventually all over the world, including two largest restaurants in Moscow (1990) and Beijing (1992), both with 700 seats. Thereare currently over 21,000 restaurants in more than 100 countries (and about 100 in New Zealand), and the 1996 year-endsystemwide sales reached 31.812 billion dollars, 59 percent of which came from the outside of the US. McDonaldizationThe worldwide business of McDonalds is not just a globalisation of its economy. In his book, The McDonaldization of Society,the American sociologist Dr. George Ritzer (1993, cited by Allan, 1997) contends that it also represents the process ofrationalisation the master concept o f Max Webers analysis of modern capitalism, referring to a variety of related processesby which every aspect of human action became subject to calculation, measurement and control (Abercrombie, Hill Turner,1988, p.902, cited by Allan, 1997). According to Ritzer, McDonaldization can be understood in terms of the following aspects: (1) Efficiency: To achieve a specific purpose, people tend to prefer the way that maximises the speed and minimises the cost. However, in many spheres of society, such efficiency is defined for the sake of the industry or business, and people arenevertheless led to believe that it is beneficial to themselves (Allan, 1997; Keel, 1997). Some examples include, ATM, self-servicepetrol, or more recently, we began to serve drinks for ourselves in certain fast food restaurants. (2) Calculability: This is the emphasis of the notion that the more, the better, as well as the faster, the better (Allan, 1997; Keel,1997). That is, quantity and quickness are often equalised with quality. For instance, many people are prone to evaluate products interms of how much they sold within what period of time, whether they be CDs, films, cars, or even tourist attractions. Or else, asfor fast food, things like Extra Value Meals or Big Crunch (or Tower) Burger Combo are constantly offered, and they really doplease most customers. (3) Predictability: Society is more and more structured and organised so that people can predict what wi ll happen in particularsituations with reasonable accuracy (Allan, 1997; Keel, 1997). People expect the same procedures and tastes as last time inrestaurants, or enjoy sequels of movies, video games, TV series and the like with which they had pleasant experience before. .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .postImageUrl , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:hover , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:visited , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:active { border:0!important; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:active , .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue5ed66310af1f6a461dfab68752b93df:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 13. Were The Elizabethans More Bloodthirsty Or Tolerant Of EssayBuildings are constructed into similar layout with similar decorations. (4) Control: Uncertainty, unpredictability and inefficiency get eliminated from any rationalising systems, and that is especiallymanifested by the substitution of non-human for human technology (Allan, 1997; Keel, 1997). By this means, people have less tothink and work on their own, yet at the same time, less control over their own actions. For example, employees only have to followthe instructions and push the buttons in fast food shops; supermarkets have replaced old registers with scanners; automaticoperation of trains is becoming preva lent, and so forth. Again, these are not for the interests of employees or customers, but forthose of employers. Finally, Ritzer points out that this rationalisation, or McDonaldization, frequently yields, on the contrary, rather irrational results(Allan, 1997; Keel, 1997). Most specifically, irrationality means that rational systems are unreasonable systems. By that I mean thatthey deny the basic humanity, the human reason, of the people who work within or are served by them(Ritzer, 1994, p.154, cited by Keel, 1997). After all, people make long queues to get fast food that is full of fat, cholesterol, sodium and other unhealthy ingredients, and thentake the trouble to dump the rubbish instead of the workers, which in turn becomes a source of pollution of the naturalenvironment. And this irrationality is not confined to fast food industry; McDonalds is only a metaphor that exemplifies the wholeprocesses of rationalisation, as has already been noted. My Personal RantSince I am not a sociology-major student, my understanding of McDonaldization may not be accurate, and I certainly do not havea clue on whether such phenomena are good or bad. Still, the point I want to make here is clear: Our societies are increasinglyreigned by global standards, which profoundly affect the way we think, process information, and interact with others. (Yes, I knowthis is a kind of clich in psychology.) Without doubt, McDonalds and its ideas define part of our lives, and across cultures, wedefinitely share certain commo nalities, both materially and psychologically. The only concern that remains, however, is the factthat the standardisation is typically based on the fashion preferred by those who are socially affluent or culturally dominant. In thisregard, the same is true for the internet system. Surely, this technology is a revolutionary tool that not only removes boundariesfrom the realms of our social interactions, but also pushes further the potential of human cognitive development. Nonetheless,information found on the net is the product of people who have access to computers, with inevitable reflection of their ownpersonal or social viewpoints.

The Importance of the Customer Loyalty and the Ways to Increase E

It is possible to determine a lot of factors which can influence the successfulness of the retailer within the market. However, one of the most important factors is the customer loyalty. The market develops according to the principles of the competition. That is why to success in the field of retailing, it is necessary to not only provide the effective services of the highest quality but also concentrate on attracting the customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of the Customer Loyalty and the Ways to Increase E-loyalty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this case, the notion of the customer loyalty can be discussed as the influential aspect of the further retailer’s development without paying much to acquiring new customers. The rapid development of the principles of retailing and the active usage of the innovative technologies and the Internet resulted in the fact that today it is possi ble to use the notion of the customer loyalty which became typical for the progress of usual markets for determining the peculiarities of e-commerce. E-commerce develops according to its specific principles, and it is significant to pay attention to emphasizing the ways which can contribute to the increase of e-loyalty. The customer loyalty can be discussed as the constant purchase behavior of those customers who prefer to choose this or that brand and make the regular purchases. The importance of the customer loyalty can be explained with references to the profits which retailers gain while attracting the loyal customers and supporting them in order to reduce their further costs spent on acquiring new customers. The modern market is competitive, and it is important to save the advertising costs and have a lot of loyal customers in order to orient on them in providing the products and services of the high quality. Thus, the main task of the retailers while preserving their profits i s to contribute to the customer’s favorable attitude toward their products (Turban et al., 2010). It is important that the customer loyalty is based on the customer’s trust and knowledge about the company and retailer, and on the fact of the products’ meeting the customer’s requests and needs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some decades ago these principles worked only in relation to the usual market, and today it is possible to use them also for addressing the issues of e-loyalty. However, it is more effective to determine the specific aspects which can be considered as influential for the increase of e-loyalty. E-commerce has many advantages in relation to the question of e-loyalty in comparison with the development of the usual market. Thus, e-loyalty is associated with such aspects as the low cost structure, the high level of flexibility, the customer’s opportunity to access the extensive product lines, and the low transaction costs. There are several ways of increasing e-loyalty which are the promotion of the website security, the focus on the contact interactivity, the support of the website reputation, and the contribution to the growth of the customer’s trust (Turban et al., 2010). Moreover, it is also useful to provide the customer with the wide choice in order to satisfy his demands and also to pay attention to the convenience of the site. The customer loyalty is the necessary factor of the growth of the retailer within the market. The expansion of the modern tendencies and the progress of e-commerce resulted in the development of the notion of e-loyalty which is based not only on the general principles but also meets the issues of e-commerce. Reference Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J., Liang, T., Turban, D. (2010). Electronic commerce: A managerial perspective. USA: Prentice Hall. This essay on The Importance of the Customer Loyalty and the Ways to Increase E-loyalty was written and submitted by user Deon Perez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Duty to Accommodate

Duty to Accommodate Introduction The Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission created a code designed to protect employees from discrimination at the workplace. According to this legislation, employers have a duty to accommodate, where accommodation refers to reassignment of a worker or modification of his or her duties. The duty to accommodate as well as the return to work policy affects all categories of employees defined as protected; these include persons with disabilities, people with divergent religions, ancestry and family obligations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Duty to Accommodate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Details of the legislative requirements The Saskatchewan Labour Standards Act, section 44 states that employers have a duty to accommodate workers in order to eliminate discrimination unless undue financial, safety, health and hardship costs will stem from the accommodation (Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission, 2012). In order to show that a company has followed these regulations, it needs to document the process of considering the accommodation request as well as the actions taken. In this legislation, accommodation should not revolve around employee preferences; instead, it should be done in order to eliminate unreasonable barriers at work. When considering accommodation, an employer needs to keep in mind certain triggers that could necessitate it. If an employee experiences something that changes his or her ability to carry out his duties, then the duty applies. For instance, the person may be a new mother or may have changed religions and these alterations may affect the persons ability to work conventionally. Alternatively, a company may introduce new workplace policies that affect the persons ability to get work done at certain times. The Saskatchewan Code requires managers to accommodate if the return to work policy has led to discrimination against employees from any of the prohibited gr oups. In other scenarios, it could be that the individual has developed a medical condition that requires changes in the way the person works. Management should consider such possibilities prior to accommodation. Employers may also consider performance issues before accommodating. This means that they do not have to wait for requests from employees to do the same. For instance, they may get feedback from other workers that a colleague is having difficulties with work. If an employees performance levels drop or the person behaves erratically, then an employer has the obligation to accommodate him or her.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Managers ought to approach such individuals about the need for accommodation. If the person refuses to pursue the matter, then a business person must document all the steps he or she took into order to abide by the Saskatchewan Labour Act. Therefore, management has the responsibility for identifying barriers and looking for options to eliminate them. Additionally, management should respect the right to privacy or confidentiality. It is not necessary for management to know all about all the details of an employee’s medical problem. All that counts is information about how one’s health condition will affect work. Furthermore, information such as employees’ family situations should not be disclosed. In essence, an accommodation request may not necessarily be written down, but it can be communicated to management clearly. Additionally, managers must familiarise themselves with the needs of employees if accommodation is necessary. Thereafter, management should organise resources and plan for ways in which accommodation can be facilitated. During this process, management will need to buy adaptive equipment or make other adjustments. It is imperative to have a plan if the accommodation will be long term. In such a scenario, parties involved should communicate frequently. Further, management should stay updated on the health status of the employee involved. Employees must play their part in this arrangement. They are expected to formally request for accommodation when something happens to affect their work, or if they become a member of one of the protected groups. They are also expected to work hand in hand with their employers and realise that they may not always get what they demand. Cooperation may be in development of a work plan or in proposing possible solutions for accommodation. Additionally, workers’ unions are obligated to cooperate with employers in the process of accommodation. Employers are must make all the arrangements necessary in order to facilitate a return to work plan. If a worker is to be reasonably accommodated prior to his or her return to work, then an employer can offer him the same job with certain modifications, such as the schedule or duties involved. Alternatively, return to work can come about by offering an employee a different job. Finally, this policy can occur by giving the worker a different job in a modified form (Association of Workers’ Compensation Boards of Canada, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Duty to Accommodate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This legislation has its limits regardless of all the things a manager can do. Employees who have been continuously absent from work, and are unlikely to return are not covered in the Code. In this regard, an employer should apply a reasonableness test. The legislation does not apply when management must experience undue hardship in order to accommodate. If accommodation will result in considerable financial costs, then an employer may forfeit this duty. Additionally, if appreciable interruptions to business will occur, then the duty becomes non obligatory. Furthermore, an employer s hould not accommodate one worker at the expense of infringing on other employees rights. If the accommodation will undermine the safety of the concerned worker or others, then it should not be implemented. In the event that an employee claims discrimination due to the failure to accommodate, companies can be exempted if they use the bona fide occupational requirement argument. Certain professions require employees to possess particular health conditions before they can be fit enough to engage in it. For instance, drivers with a poor vision cannot perform well. Therefore, if an employer can prove that the employee lacked the bona fide occupational requirement, then the court will excuse him or her from discrimination. For this defence to apply, a manager must show that the standard (rule) was related to the concerned function, that it was done in good faith, and that lack of the standard would cause undue hardship (MacDonald, 2009). Impact of the legislation on accommodation and on r eturn to work Since the Code recognises ill or injured employees as one of the categories that are entitled to these modifications, employers have had to do as much as they can to accommodate workers. They have given employees leave of absence when illnesses or accidents occur, regardless of where the accidents took place. Additionally, when an employee recovers from an illness, an employer must leave room for a gradual return. This has changed the way things get done at the workplace because now companies must take time to allow a transition back to work. They must also dedicate resources for this process. If an employee has not fully recovered, his manager ought to change work shifts or rearrange job duties for the same to occur. Therefore, this legislation has affected the workplace by encouraging greater flexibility during company time. In certain scenarios, a person may have a permanent physical disability because of their illness. Therefore, a place of work needs to change wor k conditions so as to integrate injured workers. These requirements have altered what managers need to do in order to stay ahead.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Pregnant workers or individuals with family obligations are also entitled to some alterations in work. Employers have brought together work bundles that are in line with the employees needs. Sometimes, it may be necessary to transfer the employee to a new position or alter conditions of work. For example, a pregnant worker should not do a lot of manual work or heavy lifting; an employer may have to give her a seat even when similar workers do their job while standing. Therefore, management needs to lighten their duties at this time. When delivery time approaches they should get maternal leave; fathers should also get paternal leave. If someone has children, he or she must be granted days off to meet those obligations. A child could be graduating, sick or changing schools. Persons with divergent religious backgrounds are also included in the legislation. Companies can give allowances for special festivities or rituals. For instance, a devout Muslim may need time off from work to do h is daily prayers. Alternatively, the person could have a religious holiday that he needs to celebrate. Employers ought to make these considerations before making deadlines or assigning work. Numerous possibilities exist for alternation of work policies, duties, and arrangements. Managers ought to make these decisions in order to ensure that all employees are fully accommodated. When people with a genuine need for accommodation are denied this opportunity, then a unionised worker has the right to file a grievance to the Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission through a collective agreement. Employees without unions may still file grievance through the Saskatchewan Labour Standards Act. This means that organisations can face huge financial losses if fines are imposed. Alternatively, their company image would be tarnished and this could ruin business. If companies want no business interruptions, then they should meet these obligations. Accommodation and return to work as related to an org anisation’s Integrated Disability Management Program The Saskatchewan Labour Standard Act on the duty accommodate places upon managers a responsibility to have an effective disability management program in which they offer supportive workplace policies. They should also encourage the worker, his or her union, and healthcare professionals to cooperate with management. A conducive disability management program should consist of an element of evaluation. Managers must be educated about their duties and responsibilities in the disability management program (Brooker et al., 2000). The first step in the creation of an integrated disability management program that complies with the return to work law is development of an accommodation and return to work policy. Employers need to cover all the issues that affect an injured or protected worker in a return to work policy. Some of the elements of the policy may include budgetary issues, salary replacement, transitional employment as wel l as accommodation. These policies will assist in getting commitment from top management as well as involvement from employees who need accommodation. A proper disability management program needs to have an offer of modified work. Here, a company should reduce work hours, alter a worker’s original job, transfer the worker, or minimise work load if an employee is injured. Permanent job modifications are sometimes imperative for an employee to return to work fully. This measure will reduce recurrent absenteeism from employees and will also minimise the need for high amounts of benefits. It should be noted that a company has the obligation to alter both physical and psychosocial factors in their disability management program. The latter refers to aspects such a workplace intensity or control at work while physical factors include seating positions or forceful movements. Supervisors and management who are responsible for implementation of the system ought to be educated on the pr ogram. Training should involve telling managers and supervisors about the disability or condition. This will empower them to handle the condition or disability more effectively and assist in gaining empathy from them. Lastly, the disability management program should have an evaluation phase. Here, the effectiveness of the program should be assessed on the basis of its outcomes. One parameter would be the number of workers who returned to work. Cases of workers whose conditions worsened or improved after returning to work should be noted. Even aspects such as severity of pain can also be measured. Conclusion Companies must make reasonable adjustments for employees from protected groups, injured, or ill workers. This ensures that employees are not discriminated against and that companies do not place health risks on workers. Employers have the duty to accommodate by making psychosocial and physical changes to work. This can be done by personal observation or by requests from employees . Workers and unions must also cooperate with employees in order to make it work. A supporting workplace environment ensures that employees stay employed or they can return to work and engage in productive work. References Association of Workers’ Compensation Boards of Canada (2011). Rehabilitation and return to work. Web. Brooker, A., Sinclair, S., Clarke, J., Pennick, V. Hogg-Johnson, S. (2000). Effective disability management and return to work practices. Web. MacDonald, S. (2009). Employer’s duty to accommodate an employee’s disability: When does it end?. Vancouver: Continuing Legal Education. Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission (2012). Saskatchewan Human Rights Law. Web.

Anions and Cations in Biological Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Anions and Cations in Biological Systems - Essay Example However, the boundary of 2s has a spherical surface around the nucleus and another spherical shell around the nucleus. Thus there is a node between the two spherical surfaces describing 2s surface while just one spherical surface describes 1s orbital. Q3. The probability distribution function is obtained by multiplying the square of the wave function with 4ï  °r2. Even though the radial part of the wave function is maximum at r = 0; the value of the probability distribution function will be zero only as r = 0. Thus the maximum probability of finding an electron can be at some other value of r; even though the wave function has its maximum value at r = 0. Thus it can be seen that there is no contradiction in probability of finding an electron being maximum at r = 0.529 A and value of the corresponding wave function being maximum at r = 0. Hence the two statements are compatible. Q4. This is because alkali metals are multi electron system unlike hydrogen, which is one electron system. Therefore, in case of hydrogen only electron – nucleus interaction is there and the atomic spectrum of hydrogen is due to electronic transition of just one electron across different excitation states. In case of alkali metals, there being many electrons, there exists interaction among electrons as well besides the electron – nucleus interaction. Further there are many more excitation states and electronic transitions in case of alkali metals (because of many electrons being there) than in case of hydrogen atom. Therefore, the atomic spectrum of an alkali metal is much more complex than that of hydrogen. Q7. First ionization energy of an atom is the value of energy required to pull out the outermost electron from the atom. Its value increases as one traverse from left to right in a period of the periodic table. This is because as one moves from left to right in a period the number of protons I the

Reading and lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reading and lives - Essay Example In my own opinion, I also think reading and writing have some benefits in our lives. For example, people can learn new knowledge to enrich their lives. Even though, people might have different cultural background, reading and writing can also help them change their lives and help them get better. As such, the main idea going to be presented in this paper is related to the aspect of how reading and writing can transform our lives. To a certain extent, reading can be viewed as a hobby but it can help people change their destiny. In addition, a good study environment can help people develop a habit of reading. In the article, â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie, it can be noted that his father liked to buy books which meant that Alexie had many books to read. When he was young, he did not know a lot of words. Consequently, Alexie improved his vocabulary through reading a lot of books. For example, when he read Superman, a comic book, he assumed some words or dialogue that Superman could say to help him read the book. I think that it is a good and easy way to help people to understand books. On the other hand, Alexie said that some people thought that Indian children were expected to fail in the non-Indian world. However, he did not agree with that argument. Instead, he refused to be a failure. Alexie spent a lot of time reading, even just for a few minutes. In additio n, Alexie read a book everywhere, in the car, shopping mall and bookstores (50 Essays 15-18). Finally, he became a writer and he wrote novels, short stories and poems. From Alexie’s experience, I believe that reading is the cornerstone that helps people to develop their talents. Some people have different opinions of other individuals who come from other countries. In the article mentioned above, Alexie is portrayed as an Indian child. He mentions that his classmates who